Which term is used to refer to a knowledge of universal grammatical principles across languages?

• A. Universal/Generative Grammar
• B. Deep Structures
• C. Transformational Grammar
• D. LAD

Answer: (A)

Universal Grammar names the innate set of grammatical principles that are believed to be common to all languages. This concept is the best fit because it focuses on the universal knowledge that underlies how languages are structured, guiding how children learn language across any linguistic environment. In the Generative Grammar framework, this universal knowledge constrains possible grammars and helps explain why children acquire complex syntax so rapidly from limited input.

The other terms refer to aspects of the theory rather than the universal knowledge itself. Deep Structures denote underlying representations of sentences, and Transformational Grammar explains how those structures become surface sentences. The Language Acquisition Device is the hypothetical brain mechanism that would enable language learning. While related, these describe parts of the process or mechanism, not the universal set of principles shared across languages.